What is the primary purpose of "discovery" in civil litigation?

The primary purpose of discovery in civil litigation is to gather information and evidence from the parties involved in the case. Discovery is a formal process that allows both the plaintiff and defendant to request documents, obtain testimony, and gather facts that are pertinent to the dispute. This phase is crucial as it helps each side understand the evidence that will be presented in court, which promotes fair trial proceedings. By facilitating the exchange of information, discovery helps both parties prepare their cases adequately, identify potential weaknesses, and possibly resolve the matter without the need for a trial.

Other options do not accurately represent the core objective of discovery. Presenting evidence in court is a separate stage that occurs after discovery, sealing the court case for privacy is not typically the purpose of discovery, and determining jurisdiction is established prior to the discovery process and is unrelated to gathering evidence or information.