What is a "motion" in the context of civil litigation?

In the context of civil litigation, a "motion" refers specifically to a formal request made to the court for a specific ruling or order. This request can cover a wide range of procedural issues, including motions to dismiss a case, motions for summary judgment, or motions to compel discovery, among others. Each motion requires the party to articulate their legal basis for the request and often involves supporting documentation or evidence that justifies the need for the requested action.

The nature of a motion is that it is a procedural tool that helps facilitate the progress of a case through the court system by allowing parties to seek judicial assistance in resolving specific issues before the case goes to trial. Understanding motions is essential for anyone involved in civil litigation, as they play a critical role in the management and outcome of legal proceedings.

In contrast, a summary of the case presented to the judge is not a motion but rather a statement of facts or arguments regarding the case, typically more comprehensive and broader in scope than a motion. A statement of financial burden on the plaintiff does not encapsulate the procedural aspect of a motion and typically relates to issues of damages or costs rather than requests for rulings. A directive from the judge to the jury is part of the trial proceedings, guiding jur