What does the term "subpoena" mean?

The term "subpoena" refers specifically to a legal document that orders an individual to appear in court and provide testimony or to produce evidence in a legal proceeding. It is a fundamental part of the legal process as it ensures that individuals who may have information pertinent to a case can be compelled to testify, thereby contributing to the pursuit of justice.

In contrast, a document that ends a case is not accurately described as a subpoena; rather, it could be a judgment or dismissal order. A summons for a jury to assemble is unrelated because it pertains to jury duty and not the act of compelling testimony. Lastly, a request for mediation involves negotiation and is a different legal process that does not involve compulsion or the formal testimony required by a subpoena. Thus, the understanding of a subpoena as a tool for compelling testimony directly aligns with its legal definition and function within the judicial system.